IB AA · 3B Sketching Graphs
Set the two equations equal, then solve.
One equation
At a shared point the two expressions for y are equal.
Then factor
Bring every term to one side. Factor, or use a method you already trust.
Both coordinates
Each x gives a y. Write the point (x, y).
A decimal root
If the equation does not factor, a graphing calculator can give the x-coordinate to 3 significant figures. Substitute to find y.
The equation factors.
Set the expressions equal.
x² − 5 = x + 1
x² − x − 6 = 0
(x − 3)(x + 2) = 0
x = 3 or x = −2
y = 4 when x = 3.
y = −1 when x = −2.
Answer: (3, 4), (−2, −1)
Set the expressions equal.
x² − 4 = 5
x² = 9
x = 3 or x = −3
y = 5 at both points.
Answer: (3, 5), (−3, 5)
Set the expressions equal.
2x + 1 = −x + 7
3x = 6
x = 2
y = 5
Answer: (2, 5)
Set the expressions equal.
x² − 1 = 3x − 3
x² − 3x + 2 = 0
(x − 1)(x − 2) = 0
x = 1 or x = 2
The points are (1, 0) and (2, 3).
Answer: (1, 0), (2, 3)
Set the expressions equal.
x² = 4
x = 2 or x = −2
y = 4
Answer: (2, 4), (−2, 4)
Set the expressions equal.
x² − 2x = 3x − 6
x² − 5x + 6 = 0
(x − 2)(x − 3) = 0
x = 2 or x = 3
The points are (2, 0) and (3, 3).
Answer: (2, 0), (3, 3)
A cubic or two quadratics.
Set the expressions equal.
x³ − x = 0
x(x² − 1) = 0
x(x − 1)(x + 1) = 0
x = −1, 0, or 1
Every y-coordinate is 0.
Answer: (−1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0)
Set the expressions equal.
x² + 3x = 4x + 6
x² − x − 6 = 0
(x − 3)(x + 2) = 0
x = 3 or x = −2
The points are (3, 18) and (−2, −2).
Answer: (3, 18), (−2, −2)
Set the expressions equal.
x³ = x
x³ − x = 0
x(x − 1)(x + 1) = 0
x = −1, 0, or 1
Answer: (−1, −1), (0, 0), (1, 1)
Set the expressions equal.
x² − 6x + 5 = −3
x² − 6x + 8 = 0
(x − 2)(x − 4) = 0
y = −3 at both points.
Answer: (2, −3), (4, −3)
Set the expressions equal.
x² + x − 2 = 2x − 2
x² − x = 0
x(x − 1) = 0
x = 0 or x = 1
The points are (0, −2) and (1, 0).
Answer: (0, −2), (1, 0)
Set the expressions equal.
2x − 4 = −3x + 6
5x = 10
x = 2
y = 0
Answer: (2, 0)
A root that needs 3 significant figures.
5 − x = 12ex
This equation does not factor. Graph both sides, or graph their difference.
A graphing calculator gives x = 1.84.
y = 5 − x = 3.16.
Answer: (1.84, 3.16)
x² + 2 = eˣ
Graph y = x² + 2 − eˣ and read the positive x-intercept.
x = 1.32
Answer: 1.32
x³ + x − 6 = 0
The graph of y = x³ + x − 6 crosses the x-axis once.
x = 1.63
Answer: 1.63
4 − x = 3e−0.3x
x = 2.64
y = 1.36
Answer: (2.64, 1.36)
Set the expressions equal.
x − 2 = −2x + 7
3x = 9
x = 3
y = 1
Answer: (3, 1)
Set the expressions equal.
x² − 9 = 0
(x − 3)(x + 3) = 0
The points are (3, 0) and (−3, 0).
Answer: (3, 0), (−3, 0)
Want to go over a graph together?
Book a Session with Amy